The plaintiffs in Spano
v. Whole Foods, Inc. contended that a child with severe allergies was
injured after eating a mislabeled cupcake. The district court dismissed the
claims as preempted by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, and the Fifth
Circuit reversed, stating that “[t]he question is whether Appellants have pled
tort claims which have an independent state law basis,” and concluding that
“[t]ey have”:
Each of their tort claims is ‘a recognized
state tort claim’ rather than ‘a freestanding federal cause of action based on
violation of the FDA’s regulations.’ Appellants ably lay out in their brief
that each of their allegations is based in state law. In response, Whole Foods
contends that “[e]very one of the … causes of action is specifically based on
federally mandated allergen warnings under the FDCA.” While each of the causes
of action does reference violations of FDA regulations, violations can only be,
and only are, presented as evidence to “prove [Whole Foods’] breach of the
state duty by showing that [Whole Foods] violated the FDA’s [food labeling]
regulations.’ If, as the case develops, it becomes clear that there is no
independent state duty upon which the Spanos can hang a particular claim, that
claim will be preempted. On the pleadings, none appear to contain that
fault.”
No. 22-50593 (April 14, 2023) (citations omitted).